Hariho ibintu byinshi bidasanzwe bishobora kuviramo kwangirika.Bimwe muribi bisubizo ni ibisubizo byananiranye muri generator cyangwa imwe muri sisitemu yayo nizindi zikomoka mumashanyarazi ubwayo.Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana muri make ubwoko bwabananiye bushobora kubaho nuburyo bujyanye no kurinda.
Ikosa rya Stator
Kunanirwa kugaragara cyane kunanirwa kwa stator ni ugusenyuka kwizuba hagati yicyiciro kimwe nubutaka.Kutamenyekana, iri kosa rirashobora kwangiza byihuse ingirabuzimafatizo.Umuriro uranashoboka kumashini ikonjesha ikirere.Ubushobozi bwa stator itandukanya ibintu kugirango tumenye ikosa ryubutaka nigikorwa cyibihari byubutaka buboneka.Nkibyo, kurinda ikosa ryabigenewe birakenewe muri stator.
Amashanyarazi atanga ingufu zikoreshwa n'imizigo yose muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zidasanzwe zikenewe mugutanga ibintu byinductive bityo bikagumana voltage ya sisitemu ku gaciro kizina.Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kubika ingufu.Nkibyo, ibisekuru byazimiye bigomba guhita bisimburwa cyangwa umubare uhwanye numutwaro ugomba gusuka.Nibyingenzi byibanze ko sisitemu yo gukingira generator iba ifite umutekano muke mugihe habaye imvururu zo hanze.
Imashini itanga amashanyarazi ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu igoye ikubiyemo icyerekezo cyambere, icyuka, hamwe na sisitemu zitandukanye zifasha.Usibye gutahura imiyoboro migufi, kurinda generator IED rero birasabwa kumenya urutonde rwibintu bidasanzwe bishobora kwangiza generator cyangwa imwe muri sisitemu.Amashanyarazi arashobora gushyirwa mubwoko bubiri bwingenzi: induction hamwe.Imashini zinjiza ni ntoya mubunini, zingana na kVA ijana, kandi mubisanzwe ziva muri moteri isubiranamo.Imashini isanisha ifite ubunini kuva kVA magana kugeza kuri MVA 1200.
Imashini itanga amashanyarazi irashobora gutwarwa nibintu bitandukanye byingenzi byimuka, harimo moteri zisubirana, hydro turbine, turbine yaka, hamwe na turbine nini.Ubwoko bwa turbine bugira ingaruka kumiterere ya generator bityo birashobora kugira ingaruka kubisabwa kurinda.Ingano ya generator nuburyo bwo guhagarara nayo igira ingaruka kubisabwa kurinda.Imashini ntoya niziciriritse akenshi zihujwe muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza (guhuza).Muriyi miterere imashini nyinshi zirashobora guhuzwa na bisi imwe.Imashini nini zisanzwe zihujwe binyuze mumashanyarazi yabugenewe yihariye yohereza (ubumwe buhujwe).
Impinduka ya kabiri yingufu kuri generator itanga imbaraga zingirakamaro kubice.Amashanyarazi afite ishingiro kugirango agenzure kwangiza amashanyarazi no koroshya imikorere yimikorere.Imashini itanga amashanyarazi akenshi iba ishingiye kuburiburi buke bugabanya amakosa yubutaka kugeza kuri 200-400 amps.Imashini ihujwe nigice gisanzwe gishingiye kuburiburi bukabije bugabanya amashanyarazi kugeza munsi ya 20 amps.
Kuburyo butaziguye, imashini zidafite ishingiro, hakoreshejwe uburyo bugezweho bwo gutahura.Uku kurinda gukeneye kwihuta kandi kwiyumvisha amakosa yimbere imbere mugihe kimwe mugihe umutekano mugihe cyo guhungabana hanze.Ibi birashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje ikintu cyabujijwe kubutaka cyangwa ikintu kidafite aho kibogamiye.Ikintu kibujijwe kubutaka cyashyizwe mubikorwa muri G30 na G60 gikoresha uburyo bwo gukumira ibice bitanga umutekano murwego rwo hejuru mugihe cyamakosa yo hanze hamwe no kwiyuzuzamo kwa CT.
Kubice byahujwe, imashini nini zidafite imbaraga, uburyo bushingiye kuri voltage bukoreshwa mugutanga amakosa yubutaka.Ukoresheje uruvange rwibanze nagatatu bihuza imbaraga za voltage, gukwirakwiza amakosa kubutaka 100% bya stator ihindagurika birashobora kugerwaho.GE itanga ikoresha ikintu cya gatatu cyumubyigano wa voltage isubiza ku kigereranyo cyagaciro kidafite aho kibogamiye na terminal ya gatatu ihuza.Iyi element iroroshye gushiraho no kutumva itandukaniro murwego rwa gatatu ruhuza ibikorwa bisanzwe.
Ikosa rya Stator
Ibyiciro by'icyiciro bitarimo ubutaka birashobora kugaragara kumpera ihindagurika cyangwa mumwanya uri mumashini zifite ibishishwa byicyiciro kimwe mumwanya umwe.Nubwo ikosa ryicyiciro ridashoboka cyane kuruta ikosa ryubutaka, ikigezweho gikomoka kuri iri kosa ntikigarukira gusa kubutaka.Nkibyo rero ni ngombwa ko ayo makosa amenyekana vuba kugirango agabanye kwangiza imashini.Kubera ko sisitemu ya XOR iri hejuru cyane kuri generator, ibintu bitandukanye bya stator birashobora kwibasirwa cyane no kwiyuzuzamo kwa CT bitewe na DC yibigize mugihe cyo guhungabana hanze.G60 stator itandukanye algorithm yongeraho umutekano wongeyeho muburyo bwo kugenzura icyerekezo mugihe CT ikekwa kuba yuzuye bitewe na AC cyangwa DC yibigize.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-30-2023